23 March 2025

The Southern High Speed Rail Link(SHSL)

The "Southern High Speed Rail Link" is something this blogger has talked about before. As it has come up again I think this is an opportune moment to remind readers what it means, and why it is essential. The phrase was used to describe the proposition of a rail link from the Channel Tunnel through Ashford, Tonbridge and on to Gatwick airport. Then the line would extend from Gatwick,to Heathrow and on to Reading.These three sections have been proposed before, each in its own way, depending on what the writer wished to emphasise, and at different times. This blogger is of the opinion that the three should be looked at together. Together they provide a unique opportunity to provide the south of England with beneficial infrastructure that is not directed to or through London. In addition to that it provides a rail alternative to many short-haul flights from those two airports.


The first sector to look at is the one from the Channel Tunnel to Gatwick airport. This line would run from Ashford along or next to the existing line to Tonbridge. Here it would branch off to go directly to Gatwick Airport to enter a station beneath the airport and the existing rail station. International rail traffic, by Eurostar or any other designated operator, from Paris, Amsterdam and Brussels, or anywhere else from which high speed trains were designated to originate, would travel non-stop to its first stop at Gatwick. This could be its second stop if the trains were to stop at Ashford as their initial entry into Great Britain.The local "Javelin" trains of Southeastern trains which originated in the North Kent lines from Canterbury, Ramsgate and Dover would stop at Ashford and Tonbridge on their way to Gatwick. These trains imitate the Southeastern trains from London St.Pancras to the same north Kent destinations along the HS1 line (High Speed 1) branching off HS1 at Ebbsfleet or Ashford as is the case. The construction of this phase does not present any particular difficulties nor would be excessively expensive to complete. 

The second sector runs from Gatwick Airport to Heathrow Airport.This is the most difficult of the three phases as it would be mostly constructed underground to avoid knocking down an excessive number of properties. The line itself would run underground to new interchange-stations at Dorking, Weybridge and Feltham. This way the Southeastern "Javelin" trains would stop to provide a service to the "stockbroker´s belt" of Surrey.This way the potential passengers would have a real convenient alternative to the car which is their usual form of tranport to the airports. From Feltham the line would enter Heathrow Airport underground to go to Terminal 4 (T4). From there it would continue to the Central Area (T3 and T5) before turning to enter under T5. The international High Speed trains would run non-stop from Gatwick to the three stations at Heathrow. 

(A new terminal to serve a new third runway at Heathrow could well be necessary and decided upon soon. In that case it should be called T1 to replace the closed one of that name in the central area. In this case the underground line would deviate to pass under the new T1. That would make another stop before T5 outside the Central Area for T2 and T3. Thus making four stations at Heathrow in total.)


The third sector is the one which has been proposed from Heathrow T5 up to the Great Western Line joining it just east of Langley. From there it would run west to Reading where it would terminate. The Southeastern "Javelin" services, continuing from Gatwick and Heathrow, would have an intermediate stop at Slough before terminating in Reading. The international High Speed trains would continue from Heathrow non-stop to Reading which would be the international terminus. This third phase would be the easiest and least expensive of the three, since little construction is needed except for the adaption of Reading Station as an international terminus. This third sector would replace the present bus/coach services from Heathrow to Reading. The result would be for a large number of gas-guzzling coach engines to be replaced by clean electric trains. 

 

There are many advantages at each point. At Reading local "Javelin" services would run direct to North Kent via the two airports thus providing a connecting point at Reading for trains to Bristol and the west/southwest, Cardiff and South Wales and Birmingham and the West Midlands. An international interchange can be established at Reading so that passengers from the Midlands, Wales and the West do not need to travel into London thus taking pressure off the Termini there and its cross-town Underground. At Heathrow the passengers departing/arriving from abroad and all points in the British Isles can connect to international trains thus taking pressure off Central London where they have to connect, at present, to/from the Heathrow terminals.

 

At Gatwick the situation is the same, providing international rail connections to Paris, Amsterdam etc., while also connecting North Kent passengers along the “Southern Link”to the two major airports. The incidence of car traffic into both Gatwick and Heathrow would be reduced since the Surrey "Broker-Belt" passengers would have no need, as at present, to travel to the airport in their cars. The London main rail stations would have traffic subtracted from them on to these new local and international services at the airports (together with Reading and Ashford). The outcome would be more capacity along the existing lines and at the London terminals which then would become available for extra or even new train services. Also passengers who wished to travel between the two main airports would not have to enter London, out of necessity,thus reducing road traffic, pollution, crowding, etc. 

 

Thus the thinking should be to combine three elements 1)-Reading to Heathrow 2)-Heathrow to Gatwick and 3)-Gatwick to Ashford and act on all three together. The advantages obtained do not only speed up the connection times between the airports but also introduce improvements:(a) facilitating the movement into/out of the airport terminals (b) provide an alternative transport service for flights to many UK cities and those in the Benelux countries as well as northern France (c) increase the connectivety to/from the airports for all the regions in the southern half of the UK particularly the local areas of Berkshire, Surrey and Kent (d) accomodate a large number of traffic movements away from Central London  to eleviate overcrowding in the captial (e) drastically reduce the number of polluting vehicles- heavy goods, coaches and cars- so that anti-pollution goals can be met. These, amongst others, would result in a win-win situation for all.

 

 Previous articles on the same subject.

 11 October 2011 Heathrow - Gatwick Rail Link 

 06 October 2011 Reading - Heathrow Rail Connection 

 24 February 2010 Fast Trax 2 - The case for a southern high speed alternative (SHSL)

19 March 2025

Will we get back high speed trains to Europe from Kent?

MP´s in the UK have had meetings with the UK government, Eurostar(the current high speed train operator between London St.Pancras and Paris, and Brussels) plus Virgin who aspires to operate high speed train services between the UK and continental Europe. These meetings have concerned the absence of HS trains that stop at the Kent stations of Ebbsfleet and Ashford. This leaves potential customers from South East England for the trains without any other option except travelling into London to catch the existing HS services.This is after the UK Prime Minister spoke on the subject in Parliament on 8th January 2025.

https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2025/01/09/sir-kier-starmer-wants-eurostar-to-restart-kent-services/

One way to solve this problem would be the UK government insisting to Eurostar that it reinstates those stopping trains in some form. This could prove difficult as Eurostar is a (mostly) French company owned by SNCF - the French national train operator.  However, we now have Virgin, as well as other companies, wishing to establish high speed train services to continental Europe from London. This could provide the UK government,or whoever the licensing authority may be, with the opportunity of reinstating these services without recourse to Eurostar. It would also provide needed competition on the routes already in existence, with the possibility of adding more destinations from London - be they with UK companies or other European ones.

To achieve this other aspects of the operation must be looked at. (a) The capacity for added volumes of passengers has to be increased at St.Pancras. The present capacity to process passengers through passport control stands at about 1800 persons per hour. With remodelling of the concourse at St.Pancras this could be increased up to 5000  persons per hour. With that done then competition with two new operators is quite possible.

The second problem (b) arises from the increase in demand for stabling and maintenance of the train sets needed to service that demand. At the moment the depot which provides that service is Temple Mills. It is owned by Eurostar so would be in direct conflict with any new competing train companies wishing to use its premises. However, if the government so demanded then Eurostar would have to open its doors to competing rail services. But would there then be sufficient room for other companies´ trains?

https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2024/12/17/another-barrier-to-channel-tunnel-rail-competition-expected-to-be-removed/

Looking at Temple Mills depot to see if it can be increased in capacity for high speed trains is a must.  This blogger supposes the interested parties are already looking into that question. According to Wikipedia the previous depot was at North Pole on both sides of the Great Western Line opposite Old Oak Common depot. That depot was used when the HS Eurostars ran into Waterloo station as their destination. However, with the destination change to St.Pancras it proved to be unworkable for HS trains to use North Pole depot.
I would think it safe to say that with the tunnelling works from Old Oak Common to Euston there would be no problem linking the line to HS1 to facilitate workings into/out of St.Pancras if that were so needed.

Wikipedia goes on to say that the depot at Old Oak Common was called the Old Oak Common HST Depot but was closed in 2018. This closure was to make way for the development of the HS2 project. Thus, it should be considered that with some investigation and imagination together with some development, space could be obtained for the existing and two future operators on HS1. This assumes that the maintenance depots have to be placed in London. Somebody has already indicated that Ashford itself could also provide a depot. So the problem can be solved with Temple Mills, North Pole and Old Oak Common plus options such as Ashford.

https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2025/03/18/access-to-temple-mills-depot-vital-for-cross-channel-newcomers/

The other question is if stops en route to the Chunnel can be reinstated. In his comments made 18-12-24, Alex McWhirter in his news piece in Business Traveller, “Another barrier to Channel Tunnel rail competition expected to be removed,” pointed out that “……Eurostar was on the verge of bankruptcy during the pandemic. Only at the last minute, according to France 24, did its shareholders step in with an extra Euros 300 million of funding.But this funding was on condition that Eurostar lowered its costs, made some staff redundant and suspended service to “regional train stations.” This is why Eurostar does not stop in Kent.

https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2024/12/17/another-barrier-to-channel-tunnel-rail-competition-expected-to-be-removed/#comments

This total absence of service should be considered as unacceptable to the British Government and to potential passengers from South East England. If this Labour Government were minimally interventionalist then it would maintain a small stake in the infrastructure of HS1, the stations (Stratford, Ebbsfleet and Ashford) and the three aforementioned depots to ensure access and “fair play”. New operators, especially, should have as a condition of operation that they offer specific minimal services, at least, from those intermediate stations in Stratford and Kent, as well as Lille. The programming of such services should be left to the operators but with minimum frequencies, at least, as set by the government or licensing authority. Maybe Eurostar is stuck with its limiting condition of not operating from "regional stations" but new operators are not subject to the same. Service and Competition should be the watchwords, and complied with.

https://www.businesstraveller.com/business-travel/2025/03/10/virgin-trains-reveals-plans-for-cross-channel-services/